Studies on the Removal of Phenol and Nitrophenols from Water by Activated Carbon Developed from Demineralized Kraft Lignin

The present investigation deals with the importance of interaction and position nitro group in adsorptive removal 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) phenol by demineralized kraft lignin activated carbon (DKLAAC). adsorption NPs on DKLAAC was found to follow order 2-NP > 4-NP phenol. In this study, both solubility donor–acceptor complex mechanism played an important role besides porosity surface area materials. Accordingly, NP possessing least would noticeably exhibit a higher affinity be adsorbed at solid–liquid interface. Thus highly hydrophobic greater extent followed Moreover, capacity as affected contact time, initial concentration, pH, temperature also investigated. experimental 2.09, 2.34, 2.20 mmol·g−1 for phenol, 2-NP, 25 °C, respectively, maximum amount being within 40 min. data obtained were adequately fitted Langmuir isotherm pseudo-second kinetic models. Additionally, study revealed process endothermic spontaneous high between phenols.